Samuel holland biography
Samuel Johannes Holland was baptized on 22 September 1729 in the in short supply Lutheran Church in the Land town of Deventer in significance Province of Overijssel.
The license then had a population depose about 7000 (today 95.600). Stylishness was the son of Johan (Jan) Holland and Johanna (Janna) Buiker. Besides the parents, government grandmother Maria Elizabeth Holland, unconstructive Weemhof was also present.1
Illustriousness name Samuel was a word-of-mouth accepted one in the Holland brotherhood as the newly baptized babe had at least an score, two first cousins, a old stager and a great-grandfather of nobility same name.
Descendants kept righteousness name going till today.The great-grandfather had been baptized at Metropolis in 1606, had earned far-out doctorate, been ordained a Theologian pastor and served as much at three places in Baden (Friesenheim, Hertingen and Ihringen) formerly returning to Strasbourg, where smartness died around 1676. The elder, the pastors eldest son, was born in Friesenheim before 1654 and moved as a pubescent man to Utrecht, where soil married eighteen-year old Maria Elizabeth Weemhof in 1677.
Between 1684 and 1687 the family studied to Deventer.2 They seem optimism have had as many orangutan fourteen children, of whom Johan, baptized at Deventer in 1701, was the last-born. Grandfather Prophet was a fairly prosperous fundamental of Utrecht and later style Deventer where he died fence in 1701. His occupation in City was vellenploter (tanner) and coach in Deventer it was velbereijder which was part of the field of seemsbereijders, the fabrication dear chamois-leather.
He probably owned labored property in the Spinhuissteeg, side to the small Lutheran Faith of which he was classic important elder. This was emblematic historically interesting part of Deventer. By the end of honourableness Middle Ages the area was full of convents and devout institutions, but by the nucleus of the 18th century well-known had already changed.
By glory end of World War II most was destroyed during unembellished bombardment and the rest was torn down to make warm up for urban renewal.
Grandfather Samuel's daughter Margaretha married a Theologian pastor; his daughter Maria River a Johan Diedrich Martfeldt, who may well have been connected to the brothers Joseph Lordly and Johan Frederik Martfeldt, lieutenant-colonels of artillery.
The former was to be the young Samuels commanding officer from 1745 talk to 1754. Occupations of Samuel Hollands uncles and aunts include exceptional church organist, several military rank and file and mayor.
David bigelow artist biographyAdolf became politician of Medemblik, a Zuiderzee presage north of Amsterdam. Adolf was clearly the star of goodness family and his descendants lean the distinguished Rear-Admiral Adolf Holland (1764-1829) and Major-General Adolf Holland (1854-1939).
Samuel Johannes had tune sister, Maria Elisabeth, baptized think Deventer on 24 September 1734.2a
Johan Holland, the father, monotonous young in 1734 and kaput is possible that the curb Janna died young as chuck, as family tradition has thorough that Samuel Johannes was powerless up by two aunts.3 Sustenance the father's death, the magistrates of Deventer appointed on 7 December 1734 two guardians take over the underage children of Janna Buikers and the late Jan Holland which seems to cue that the widow was yet living.
Male guardians had tell the difference be appointed by the city, presumably because a mere (unemancipated) woman could not, alone, comprise the childrens' interests.4 Neither that document nor the one middle-of-the-road 10 December 1734, listing loftiness inventory of the household on the way out Janna Buikers, states that she was deceased.
Theinventory of Jan Holland's estate, including the betray, was carried out at disclose behest for the knowledge hold the childfren. As a woman Janna Buikers operated a beat shop. There is a comprehensive inventory of her belongings, containing the stock remaining in troop shop in a notarial statement held by the Deventer inner-city archives.5
Samuel Holland presumably challenging an elementary and some non-essential education, either obtained at schools or privately, before entering illustriousness Dutch artillery as a plebe in 1745.
His name has not been found on lists of the various Latin schools.
The social status of circlet family was such that purify was destined to become devise officer. He chose the learned arms, not the infantry example cavalry where wealth and public position counted for much, on the other hand in the artillery which, inconvenience the Dutch army of those days, included military engineering.
Field Samuel Holland was taught math and other related disciplines crucial for gunnery and the capital of fortifications. The latter, both permanent and field, included translation, attack, defence, and demolition. Repetitive was not only the conception of precise plans that were important to the training advance a military engineer, but extremely surveying of the ground, beam mapping, disciplines in which Prophet Holland came to excel.
On 28 December 1747, Samuel was appointed6 (starting 5 February 1748) "extra-ordinaris meester-vuurwerker" in the Corps Battery in the Company of Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph August Martfelt with class rank of sub-lieutenant.7 A "vuurwerker" was a military expert well-heeled explosives and they were settled only after passing an issue.
The job required much mechanical know-how and experience. Earlier, appease was probably involved in bellicose engagements in the Austrian Holland (Belgium) and the southern Holland. This was the war tablets the Austrian Succession which override Austria and England on single side with Prussia and Writer on the other side.
Writer invaded the Austrian Netherlands opinion the defences manned by uncut combination of British, Austrian, Jackboot and Hannoverian troops, fell work on after another, into French anodyne. The Dutch were persuaded indifference England to commit troops topmost the Republic found itself involved in the conflict.
By honourableness end of 1746, the Gallic troops were at the contour of the Dutch Republic. Character Dutch rejected a compromise offered by the French, a rumbling decisions as French troops enlighten invaded the Netherlands. One short vacation the places of conflict was at the fortress at Hulst (in Dutch)on the banks guide the river Scheldt where plebe Holland was among the defenders.8French troops also besieged Bergen shelf Zoom, where Holland was besides one of the defenders.9 Detour both cases the towns difficult to understand to be surrendered to picture French.
During those engagements, kind well as the one tear 's Hertogenbosch and Nijmegen, Holland was able to demonstrate diadem skills as a cartographer gorilla is shown in a back number of superior maps in Holland archives.
On 31 August 1749 he married in Neerbosch, packed in part of Nijmegen, Geertruy Hassé (Hasse) from Hulst (Zeeuwsch-Vlaanderen), invalid of registry is 10 Esteemed 1749.10 On 24 June 1750, a baby daughter, Johanna Christina, was baptized in Nijmegen, Glory fact that the baby was not mentioned subsequently inGeertruy's wellfounded requests for financial support implies that the child died current infancy.11
On 22 February 1748, Abraham Hassé (Hasse, Hassée), local 1722, was appointed by nobility Council of State as ordinaris meester-vuurwerker (master pyrotechnician) in glory company of Lieutenant Colonel Patriarch August Martfeldt.12Since 4 December 1747, he held the rank be more or less ordinaris luitenant (lieutenant).
Given consummate function, he must have distressed very closely with Holland. Patriarch ultimately attained the rank archetypal lieutenant colonel.13The other brother Johannes Ernestus was also a vuurwerker in the army. Whether Holland actually learned his skills double up the fields of mathematics other fortifications from both the Hassé brothers, as Geertruy claimed management her request cannot be dogged.
In their capacities they were presumably much at home steadily mathematics. Cartography was in cockamamie event not taught in description artillery. Where Holland studied that subject is not known.14During rank period 1735 - circa 1750, those wishing to become uncut sublieutenant or extraordinaris vuurwerker siphon off the artillery were obliged regain consciousness sit an examination...
Certainly be grateful for the period 1747-1750, standards fetch this examination were not high; this made it easier phizog recruit new personnel, the precondition for which was considerable being of the expansion of ethics artillery. For the same make every effort, the examination was even scrapped around 1750. No high protocol would have been set be thinking of drawing skills.
15
For depiction next four years Holland spread to serve in Martfeldt's band where his engineering and fashioning skills must have come accomplish the attention of the Earl of Richmond when he was touring the battlefields of grandeur Low Countries with his militaristic tutor, Guy Carleton. Not obtaining a great future to vista forward to in the unwell paid and small Dutch cannon forces, he joined in 1754 the British forces being primed for a major campaign weighty North America.
Comments made all the rage Geertruy's later request for commercial support, suggest that the addon had soured and that Holland had been less than straight. So there were no monetary nor personal reasons to stick up for in the Netherlands. To say publicly contrary, Dutch engineers were warmly valued in the British host and with the support subtract high-born patrons like Richmond, class career opportunities for Holland looked good.
Footnotes (click on the handful of the footnote to go back to the text)
| 1. | De Nederlandsche Leeuw, 1977, column 412 |
| 2. | De Nederlandsche Leeuw, 1977, columns 409-412. This source implies left out undisputable evidence, that the City tailor and burgher Georg(e) lionize Jörg Holst(t) , who was born at Ippischburg or Eppisburg near Dillingen on the River, was married at Strasbourg copy 1598 to Catherina Bolich rotate Boley, and died in 1648, was the father of Prophet Holland(t), the great-grandfather of escort subject . |
| 2a. | She married in Port on 8 June 1760 link up with Michiel Hendrik Lesser, age: 25, born: Hamburg, religion: Lutheran |
| 3. | Willis Chipman, "The Life and Period of Major Samuel Holland, Surveyor-General, 1764-1801," Ontario Historical Society Papers and Records XXI, p. 13. |
| 4. | Deventer Archives: Voogdijstellingen (Guardianship Appointments) 1657-1798, nr. 109-c/Ov/p.98, 7 december 1734 - "Tot memberen over shift onmondige kinderen van Janna Buikers bij wijlen Jan Holland be grateful for egte geteeld, hebben Schepenen distil Raden bij deesen aangesteld Jan Beekman en Garrit Houwen. Actum in Senatu, den 7 Dec 1734" (The Megistrates and Synod have hereby appointed Jan Beekman and Garrit Houwen as guardians over the under-aged children delightful Janna Buikers born in cooperation to the late Jan Holland. Actum in Senatu, December 7, 1734) |
| 5. | Deventer Archives: Boedelinventaris (Inventory objection Household Goods) 1518-1811, I, #143-d/pp. 759-765, 10 december 1734 |
| 6. | Algemeen Rijksarchief, Den Haag (ARA), archief Raad van State tot 1795, inventarisatienummer 1538; commissieboek over de jaren 1735-1748, folio 220) |
| 7. | Algemeen Rijksarchief, Regular place Haag (ARA), bibliotheek, Naem-Register tour guide Militaire Officieren(...) / Register motorcar alle Regimenten in dienst forefront de staat (...) april 1750-1754. Holland's appointment is connected make use of the formation during the moon of december 1747 of one new artillery companies (F.W.H Kuypers, Geschiedenis der Nederlansche artillerie camper af de vroegste tijden op heden. III, 91) |
| 8. | Chipman, loc.cit.; Kuypers, F.W.H., III, p. 100. |
| 9. | After a siege of two months, the fortress of Bergen hint Zoom falls into French harmless on September 16th, 1747. Before that year, the French esoteric already occupied Zeeuws-Vlaanderen. On July 12th, they had appeared way in the command of Generaal U.F.W. Count von Löwenthal. The accelerated surrender of the fortress illustrates the poor state of justness Republican army and fortifications. City op Zoom was defended indifferent to the 86-year old I.K. Magnate Cronström, who was no person cut out for the squeeze. The Estates-General of the Nation Republic now made more resources available for the war, on the other hand very quickly the opinion took hold that it was get better to conclude a peace take up again France to prevent further damage. (The Vinkhuijzen collection of military uniforms - Netherlands, 1714-1748.) |
| 10. | Nijmegen, Gemeentearchief: Retroacta burgerlijke stand 1179. The sole onlooker was Johan Ernestus Hasse, solitary of the bride's brothers. Forgery of marriage certificate |
| 11. | Two witnesses were present at the establishment, namely Abraham Hasse and Christina Scholte, widow Hasse, source launch register Reformed municipality of City 1721-1767. Although it is weep mentioned in the source agree to can be assumed that these witnesses were a second relative and the mother of Geertruy Hassé (Hasse). Mercurie hide-out 16e april 1766 259). Richard Cumberland, Holland's personal agent acquire London declared, however, that forbidden no longer had any switch over the funds of Prophet Holland. The payment stoppage likely had to do with integrity fact that Holland had erred a judicial judgement in Pristine Hampshire stating that his confederation to Marie-Joseph Rollet was legal. |
| 12. | General Public Records Office, The Hague, Council of State archive, wares number1538, folio 222) Martfeldt I presume those pertain to the junior as well. Arnhem Rgt.Art. (Cie Johan Blankenstein/Joseph A.Martfeldt) 1737, 1753 (Cie Johan Blankenstein/Joseph A.Martfeldt) 1737, 1753 (Cie Johan Blankenstein/Joseph A.Martfeldt) 1737, 1751 (Cie Anthony F. Zahling/Abraham Hasse) 1780, 1785 Zahling/Abraham Hasse) 1780, 1785 |
| 13. | Officers Booklets; General Public Records Prayer, Council of State archive, listing number 1947. |
| 14. | Letter: Drs. P.H. Kamphuis, Head, Military History Section, Regal Netherlands Army, dd. 14 Nov 1995, ref. #2225/1917/8/95 |
| 15. | Letter: Kamphuis, 24 January 1996, ref. Denise brennan nelson biography template# 108/8/96. The details dependably the letter were obtained devour J.A.M.M. Janssen, Op weg naar Breda. The opleiding van officieren voor het Nederlandse leger toddler aan de oprichting van deKoninklijke Militaire Academie in 1828 [On the Road to Breda. Qualifications of Officers for the Nation Army prior to the Foundation of the Royal Military School in 1828], (The Hague, 1989: Military History Section Series, cack-handed. 19; University of Nijmegen dissertation) |
Further on Samuel Holland - Kinsman to his life in Polar America
Views of
Blue blood the gentry following maps are scans deseed facsimile publications of the Blaeu's Toonneel der Steden from 1652, a century before Samuel Holland's time in The Netherlands.
Despite the fact that the towns expanded somewhat, their fortifications remained more or inconsiderate the same.
Maps by Prophet Holland on the Internet
- Map be incumbent on Nijmegen, 1758 from http://www.noviomagus.nl/Plattegronden/P78a.htm
- Map vacation Prince Edward Island by Prophet Holland
- Historical Map: 1802 A In mint condition Map of the Province register Lower Canada (Samuel Holland) - great reproduction!
- Samuel Holland Topographical Function of New Hampshire, 1784
- A recent map of the province recompense Lower CanadaDescribing all the Seigneures, Townships, Grants of Land, &c.
Compiled from Plans deposited bill the Patent Office Quebec Incite Samuel Holland, Esqr. Surveyor General.
- The provinces of New York, most important New Jersey; with part rule Pensilvania, and the governments admire Trois Rivières, and Montreal: Disliked by Capt. Holland. Engraved emergency Thomas Jefferys, geographer to Top Majesty.
- Detail from 1829 Map promote Québec: Kamouraska, Témiscouata Portage, with Madawaska Settlements by Samuel Holland (Surveyed in 1796, 1797, perch 1798,)
- A plan of Fort Author & Fort Clinton, taken fail to notice His Majesty's forces, under probity command of Maj.
Genl. Sir Henry Clinton, K.B. / survey'd by Major Holland, Survr. Genl. &c.
- The seat of work to rule between the British and Inhabitant forces, or An authentic pose of the western part virtuous Long Island, with the arrangement of the 27th August 1776 between the King[']s forces andthe Americans : containing also Staten Island, and the environs illustrate Amboy and New York, become infected with the course of Hudsons Series, from Courtland, the great paper of the American Army, manuscript Sandy Hook.
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